Who Was Responsible For The First World War Essay Example

Who Was Responsible For The First World War Essay Who caused the passings of more than 20,000,000 individuals? Was it a solitary, hard, vindictive individual? Was it a gathering of these individuals or a nation that caused the Great War? Or on the other hand might it be able to have been a framework or strategy around then? Who caused the occasions that enlivened the Jewish writer Isaac Rosenburg to compose the sonnet Dead Mans Dump in 1917?The wheels reeled over spread deadBut tormented them not, however their bones crunched;Their shut mouths made no moan.They lie there crouched, companion and foeman,Man conceived of man, and conceived of woman;And shells go crying over themFrom night till night and now.Private Isaac Rosenburg, 22311, was murdered on April first, 1918, at day break while on night watch. Simply one more of the 20,000,000 then.France had totally despised Germany for a considerable length of time. The Franco-Prussian War started in July 1870 because of a debate among France and Prussia, the fundamental German State. T he various German states joined Prussia, and the contention got one among France and Germany. The war finished with the Treaty of Frankfurt, which was marked on May 10, 1871. The arrangement given that France would give the vast majority of Alsace and part of Lorraine (portions of West France) to Germany, pay Germany 5 billion francs, and bolster a German armed force of occupation until the colossal entirety was paid. The cash was paid off shockingly rapidly because of the French arranging and taking out advances. Be that as it may, there were two impacts of this war, which added to World War One.The previously was the new German Empire. Before the Franco-Prussian War, Germany had been comprised of little autonomous states more than 40 of them. Prussias annihilation of Austria in the Seven-Week War of 1866 had set up it as the principle German State. After the Franco-Prussian War, Germanys states signed up together and the administration acknowledged how solid the new realm might be .The second impact concerned Frances sentiments towards Germany. They were amazingly irate about their annihilation and the loss of Alsace and Lorraine. Their disdain for Germany had expanded much more, making way for another war between them.An basic reason for the First World War was patriotism. Patriotism is the political belief system that all individuals of a similar ethnic cause, language, and political goals reserved the option to autonomous states. At the end of the century, be that as it may, the issue of patriotism was as yet uncertain in different territories of Europe, bringing about strains both inside the locales in question and between different European countries. One especially unmistakable nationalistic development, Panslavism (the conviction that all Eastern Orthodox Slavs should live in their own nation), figured vigorously in the occasions going before the war.The soul of patriotism likewise appeared in monetary contention. The Industrial Revolution, which occur red in Britain toward the finish of the eighteenth century, followed in France in the mid nineteenth century, and afterward in Germany after 1870, caused an incredible increment in each countrys produce and a requirement for remote nations to sell their merchandise in. The ideal spot for the European nations to have settlements was Africa, and on that landmass provincial competition was regular. A few times somewhere in the range of 1898 and 1914 the financial contention in Africa among France and Britain, and between Germany on one side and France and Britain on the other, nearly hastened an European war. A significant case of this would be the Agadir Crisis.On July first, 1911, Germanys warship The Panther arrived at Moroccos primary port, Agadir. This maddened the French proprietors of the nation, who had taken it to Germanys complaint in 1905, as they suspected Germany would attempt to take Agadir. The British were likewise stressed by this move as they had a maritime base in Gi braltar, Southern Spain, just a couple of miles north of Morocco. Germany could without much of a stretch test them on the off chance that they had Agadir as their port, and Britain arranged for a war. The war never came Germany gave way and let France have their port. However, the harm was finished. England and Frances relations with Germany were considerably increasingly stressed and could have lashed out at any time.As a consequence of such strains, somewhere in the range of 1871 and 1914 the countries of Europe embraced residential measures and international strategies that thus consistently expanded the risk of war. Persuaded that they were compromised, they kept up huge standing armed forces, and expanded the size of their naval forces. The maritime race was seriously serious. England, impacted by the developing German naval force, started in 1900 and by the occasions of the Russo-Japanese War, built up its armada under the course of Admiral Sir John Fisher. The war among Russ ia and Japan had demonstrated that long-run maritime weapons were powerful and the British built up the progressive and generally replicated Dreadnought war vessel, with a great deal of deadly implements. Advancements in different regions of military innovation and association prompted the predominance of general staffs with decisively laid designs for preparation and assault, frequently in circumstances that a military couldnt escape once they had got into it. This got evident during the war, when troopers would remain in basically a similar spot for extensive stretches of time in the channel filled battlefields.The nations of Europe began to make moves that inevitably would make the size of the war a lot bigger. Germanys government concluded it was to their greatest advantage to make partnerships with nations for additional assurance if a war started. In 1879, Austria marked an arrangement with Germany and a solid collusion was conceived. Germanys next move was to align with Italy in 1882, and afterward with Russia in 1887. Lamentably, Russia and Austria were foes due to clashes in the Balkans, so Germany didn't recharge the collusion with Russia in 1890. France felt compromised by The Central Powers (the name for the collusions between Germany, Austro-Hungary and Italy), so in 1892, an arrangement was marked with Russia for security and backing. In 1904, Britain, feeling stressed over Germanys developing maritime power, aligned with France and in 1907 with Russia. Presently Europe had been separated into two equipped camps the Central Powers and the Triple Entente (the name for France, Britain and Russias alliance).Southeast Europe is known as The Balkans. For quite a long time, the incredible Turks had administered it, however when their domain started to self-destruct in the nineteenth century, the Austro-Hungarian Empire dipped in and took a significant part of the Balkans for itself. Just Bosnia, Albania and Montenegro were as yet controlled by the Turk s and four nations picked up freedom Greece, Rumania, Bulgaria and Serbia. Austria attached Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1908.The Russians began to get benevolent with the individuals in the Balkans, convincing them to defy Turkish principle with a hypothesis called Panslavism. Numerous Russians were Eastern Orthodox Christian Slavs, and the individuals in the Balkans were as well. The Russians disclosed to them that they would support them on the off chance that they attempted to pick up freedom from Turkish principle, however they were really controlling these individuals for their own benefit. Russia needed the Dardanelles, a limited segment of ocean which associated the Black Sea to the Mediterranean, since the entirety of their Northern ports were solidified in winter, and the Dardanelles gave a course into the sea. Turkey despite everything controlled the Dardanelles right now, however in the event that the Slavic individuals of the Balkans revolted, Turkey would debilitate and R ussia would get an opportunity to deal with the Dardanelles.This incensed Austria, as they despised Serbia, presently on well disposed standing with Russia. The occupants of Bosnia were for the most part Serbian, and needed to live uninhibitedly like the Serbs in Serbia. The Austro-Hungary Empire was at risk for breaking down if individuals revolted for opportunity, so their relations with Russia turned out to be a lot of more terrible than they had been already. The Central Powers were not partial to the Triple Entente, and the other way around another push towards full-scale warfare.The Balkan Wars started in 1912, finishing a year later. Turkey had lost the greater part of its nations at this point, yet was sticking on to Macedonia. The Balkan League, which was comprised of the free Balkan nations, including Greece, Bulgaria, and Serbia, needed Macedonia to be free. A war was battled among Turkey and the League, finishing off with all the Turks being driven out from the territory . In 1913, another war was battled, this time between the League individuals Serbia and Greece versus Bulgaria. This was on the grounds that Serbia needed a greater amount of Macedonia for itself, irritating Bulgaria who assaulted Serbia. The war was over inside 2 months, however had some significant results.It brought about an expanded want with respect to Serbia to get the pieces of Austria-Hungary occupied by Slavic people groups, fortified Austro-Hungarian doubt of Serbia, and left Bulgaria and the Turkish Empire, both crushed in the wars, with a craving for vengeance. Germany, baffled since Turkey had been denied of its European domain by the Balkan Wars, expanded the size of its army.Every war has a trigger. The trigger for the war to put to shame all other wars happened in 1914, on a radiant June day in Belgrade, capital of Bosnia. The Emperor Francis Joseph of Austrias nephew, Archduke Francis Ferdinand (beneficiary to the Austrian realm) and his significant other Sophie wer e visiting for a military review. Individuals from the Black Hand Gang, a Serbian patriot gathering, chose to murder him. Borijove Jevtic, one of the schemers, gave this onlooker account:When Francis Ferdinand and his entourage drove from the station they were permitted to pass the initial two plotters. The engine vehicles were driving too quick to even consider making an endeavor achievable and in the group were numerous Serbians; tossing a projectile would have murdered numerous blameless people.When the vehicle passed Gabrinovic, the printer, he tossed his explosive. It hit the side of the vehicle, yet Francis Ferdinand with common sense hurled himself back and was healthy. A few officials riding in his participation were injured.The vehicles sped to the Town Hall and the remainder of the backstabbers didn't meddle with t

Proposal Submission Letter

Test Cover Letter The Virtual Community Group, Inc. 17 Park Road Rural Town, NH July 1, 1995 Jane Smith, Executive Director Xavier Foundation 555 S. Smith St. Washington, D. C. 22222 Dear Ms. Smith, I am satisfied to present this proposition from the Virtual Community Group, Inc. , mentioning a speculation of $50,000 every year more than two years from the Xavier Foundation to help our Enterprise 2000 initiative.This award would give some portion of the assets required for us to prepare at any rate 1200 low-salary business visionaries in country New Hampshire, helping them get the PC abilities they have to make manageable neighborhood organizations as we enter the twenty-first century. As somewhere else in the U. S. , the financial wellbeing of New Hampshire's country networks has endured consistent decrease since the mid 1900's. Family cultivates, which once shaped a financial base supporting enormous quantities of country occupants, have been everything except annihilated by huge s cope agribusiness.Moreover, since 1960, New Hampshire has lost xx% of its assembling employments, as enterprises or nearby manufacturing plants have closed down or moved activities out of state. Thus, a large number of people from New Hampshire †especially our youngsters †are moving to urban areas to look for occupations, eliminating and further ruining provincial networks, however adding to the developing pool of urban unemployed.By tapping the vitality of the little nearby business person, and connecting it to the blast in correspondences advancements, we trust it is conceivable to invert this pattern, empowering rustic occupants to hold reasonable, great employments a long way from modern and urban focuses. Unassuming communities would again offer a wide range of business openings †from little assembling to administrations to retail †and create sound, broadened economies without precedent for ages. Lamentably, numerous little business visionaries can't bear th e cost of either the preparation or gear expected to partake in the prizes of the Information Revolution.Enterprise 2000 was structured unequivocally to address this absence of equality, and help level the correspondences playing field. Working in a joint effort with microenterprise associations, junior colleges, and offices which reuse PC equipment, Enterprise 2000 will offer burdened business visionaries the accompanying administrations at low or no charge: †¢Day-time or night classes in essential, middle of the road, and propelled PC aptitudes †¢Training to utilize the Internet and other data systems †¢Assessment of MIS needsAccess to reconditioned PC equipment After two years of experimentation and program improvement, the Virtual Community Group has molded a heavenly, effectively replicable model in Enterprise 2000, and set up a serious extent of validity among local gatherings, strategy producers, and funders. Our coordinated effort with different organizations use each dollar invested.Given that the Xavier Foundation has just made various vital speculations to improve the lives of the provincial poor, we are approaching you to assist us with propelling our joint target above and beyond. I value your thought of this proposition. If it's not too much trouble don't hesitate to call me in the event that you have questions or might want us to mastermind a site visit. I anticipate meeting with you soon. Genuinely, Executive Director (This example introductory letter was made for AGM by Molly Clark Associates. )

Movie Review

There were rules to be followed, and an individual ought not act uniquely in contrast to other people. Be that as it may, at long last, everything changed when Sam and Suez at long last chose to flee and lives all alone. After the childhood, the entire network began to discover the adoration, among Sam and Suez, hurtful. It caused the interruption inside the stale plot of the story, such that they were not the same as what was normally viewed as right by the standard. This disturbance raised the exciting bends in the road of the occasions inside the movie.Also along these lines, the individuals from the network began to endure, and began to discover an answer on the most proficient method to unravel this interruption inside the network. From living typical, he individuals from the network began to frame this awareness to one another that came about to their own association in the adoration among Sam and Suez. Nonetheless, this didn't imply that the network itself in general began to shape a solidarity in a split second; it was just a bit by bit process that inevitably prompted the contribution and solidarity of the characters.The people group all in all made the status of every one of the characters. It Implemented principles and guidelines; based on what Is right, to what's going on. These inclinations made by the general public prompted the defilement of each character that brought about beneficiary fixed job in the network. For instance, the Khaki Scout Trainer was a Math Teacher but since of the network where he was in, he had to turn into a Trainer. By and large, by these predispositions made by the Community, the individuals inside it began to see everything as typical, and was oblivious to other people. In the division of the community.This demonstrated that the predisposition drove by the network all in all created an inclination to an individual, and caused dissever of its part. At the point when the network began to act, because of the subject of affe ction among Sam and Suez, each character began to be included. From Cam's side of the story, his non-permanent parents began to disregard their own obligations to him, in contrast to the Khaki Scout Trainer and the Island Police Officer, who were regarding him as a family. What's more, from Guy's side of the story, her folks began to focus on her development because of her issues of rampaging, and being self observer from the remainder of her schoolmates.These changes made by each character indicated the sign of the sentimental convolutions of the two youthful characters. Be that as it may, all in all network, this affection between the two from the start was not acknowledged in view of their age. At long last, because of the early development of the youthful darlings gradually the network began to recognize their affection, consequently indicated the change of the network from being stale to a network whose individuals were included and united.In expansion, the inclusion of each ch aracter to the adoration among Sam and Suez, made the depiction of every scene centered from the island's locale to every person that included themselves inside the issue. The depiction of every scene from the beginning of the film was about the network and the island itself. It concentrated on the stale network that bargains tit their own issues. The individuals in New Penance had been observing the principles and predispositions done by the network itself.It demonstrated that the depiction of the scene is on a slide way that portrayed one scene at that point move to the next. It additionally depicted New Penance by indicating the spot, and by utilizing a Journalist to give data. The way the Journalist's report, toward the beginning of the film, is on a fixed way. The writer gave data, yet the manner in which his report depicted was that his experience was fixed and promptly moving from one plan to the other.This demonstrated that the film toward the beginning was in a condition of fixed thoughts that had been made by the network that had been adjusted by its individuals. After the childhood of the adoration among Sam and Suez, there was an unexpected changed in how the scene had been depicted. To start with, it concentrated more on the two-youthful darlings. The depiction of every scene about the darlings changed the scene from being fixed to being alive. There was a start of a discussion and appearing of one another's activities. Second, it additionally centered around the inclusion of each character.By the time the childhood occurred; the network began to act, and by this activity, the scene depiction began to show the qualities and shortcomings of each character in the story. In conclusion, it likewise managed the recuperation of the way how it was introduced toward the beginning. Toward the finish of the film, on how the scene that had been being depicted was the equivalent on how the scene had been depicted toward the start. This demonstrated despite th e fact that there was a change inside the network overall, the delineating of the scene began and finished with a similar depiction.

Morality and Ethics Free Essays

Profound quality and Ethics Morality and morals are terms frequently utilized as though they have a similar importance. At different occasions, they are utilized as though they have no relationship to each other. I think the vast majority acknowledge morals and profound quality have something to do with the ideas of good and terrible. We will compose a custom paper test on Profound quality and Ethics or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now In any case, English isn't care for French, which has the Academic Fantasies going about as its etymological jury †building up what appropriate French is. English changes at the drive of the swarmed. One can bomb, and that’s awful, however in the event that one is the bomb, and that’s great. The word â€Å"morality† has been co-selected by gatherings, for example, the Moral Majority, making us think profound quality just arrangements with acts these strict gatherings think aren’t legitimate, or are in this way unethical. The implications of the terms â€Å"ethics† and â€Å"morality† can be separated dependent on their birthplaces in old Greek and Latin, individually. Accordingly, words that come into the English language from the Greeks regularly have implications that are principally philosophical investigation, while the Latin-determined words infer â€Å"doing the thing. Morals originates from the Greek word ethos †moral character or custom. Ethical quality originates from the Latin word moralist †custom or way. The words both arrangement with the traditions or the way in which individuals get things done. Their advanced implications identify with the manner in which individuals act †either fortunate or unfortunate. Profoun d quality, carefully, is utilized to allude to what we would call moral lead or principles. Ethical quality is taking a gander at how positive or negative our direct is, and our measures about lead. Morals is utilized to allude to the proper investigation of those principles or direct. In some cases, one alludes to the investigation of lead as good way of thinking, yet that is less basic than trying to say â€Å"ethics. † One may state that profound quality is morals in real life, yet at long last, the two terms can be utilized conversely. The investigation of morals or good way of thinking can be isolated into three expansive territories: spellbinding, regulating and diagnostic or met morals. Morals manages such inquiries at all levels. Its subject comprises of the key issues of pragmatic dynamic, and its significant concerns incorporate the idea of extreme worth and the principles by which human activities can be made a decision about correct. The terms morals and ethical quality are firmly related. We presently regularly allude to moral decisions or moral standards where it once would have been increasingly normal to discuss moral decisions or good standards. These applications are an augmentation of the importance of morals. Carefully, in any case, the term alludes not to ethical quality itself yet to the field of study, or part of request, that has profound quality as its topic. In this sense, morals is identical to moral way of thinking. In spite of the fact that morals has consistently been seen as a part of reasoning, its comprehensive viable nature joins it with numerous different regions of study, including humanities, science, financial matters, history, legislative issues, human science, and philosophy. However, morals stays particular from such teaches since it's anything but a matter of truthful information in the manner that technical disciplines and different parts of request are. Or maybe, it has to do with deciding the idea of standardizing speculations and applying these arrangements of standards to handy good issues. For all intents and purposes each human culture has some type of fantasy to clarify the inception of profound quality. In the Louver in Paris there is a dark Babylonian segment with a help indicating the sun god Shamash introducing the code of laws to Hammurabi. The Old Testament record of God giving the Ten Commandments to Moses on Mt. Sinai may be viewed as another model. In Plato’s Protagoras there is an avowedly legendary record of how Zeus showed compassion for the pitiful people, who, living in little gatherings and with deficient teeth, feeble paws, and absence of speed, were no counterpart for different mammoths. To compensate for these inadequacies, Zeus gave people an ethical sense and the limit with respect to law and equity, so they could live in bigger networks and help out each other. There is some trouble, definitely known to Plato, with the view that ethical quality was made by a celestial force. In his exchange Euthyphro, Plato considered the recommendation that it is divine endorsement that makes an activity decent. Plato called attention to that if this were the situation, we were unable to state that the divine beings endorse of the activities on the grounds that the activities are acceptable. Why at that point do the divine beings endorse of these activities instead of others? Is their endorsement completely whimsical? Plato thought about this unimaginable thus held that there must be a few norms of right or wrong that are free of the preferences of the divine beings. Present day savants have commonly acknowledged Plato’s contention in light of the fact that the option infers that if the divine beings had happened to favor of tormenting youngsters and to oppose helping one’s neighbors, at that point torment would have been acceptable and neighborliness awful. That ethical quality ought to be contributed with all the riddle and intensity of perfect beginning s to be expected. Nothing else could give such solid motivations to tolerating the ethical law. By crediting a heavenly inception to ethical quality, the brotherhood turned into its mediator and watchman, and along these lines made sure about for itself a force that it would not promptly relinquish. This connection among ethical quality and religion has been so immovably fashioned that it is still once in a while affirmed that there can be no profound quality without religion. As indicated by this view, morals stops to be an autonomous field of study. It becomes, rather, moral religious philosophy. The most effective method to refer to Morality and Ethics, Papers

Marketing and Competitive Environment of the CQ University Sample

Question: Break down the Showcasing and Competitive Environment of a University brand. Answer: Foundation The Central Queensland University is an Australian double part college which offers a mix of higher instructive administrations and professional preparing administrations through merger with Central Queensland Institute of TAFE. Its primary grounds is situated in Queensland yet it likewise has grounds in different areas of Australia. Since there are more than forty colleges in Australia it is essential to comprehend the earth in which they work. The CQ University has various research places, foundations and its point is to be Australias most connected with college. It likewise supports the commitment action of its staff by directing an honor function called Opal Awards. As indicated by report distributed by Graduate Careers Australia (GCA) the business pace of the college graduate full-time is as high as 81.1%. The universitys execution is well above world gauges in the accompanying zones applied arithmetic, farming and land the board, other clinical and wellbeing sciences. The examination of the common market situation is incorporated which affects the tasks of CQ University. Market Summary Today showcasing is associated with each division including Education. There is savage rivalry inside the segment; the cost of training has fundamentally extended. Presently colleges are creating imaginative techniques so as to draw in potential understudies. Colleges have begun to mark themselves trying to catch everyone's eye. They are likewise utilizing web as an incredible asset to share convincing stories. According to Cassidy, et al, Students are viewed as buyers of colleges and the speculation that they do while choosing a foundation of their decision is perhaps the greatest choice that they make throughout everyday life (Cassidy, et al., 2013). Right now showcasing is more about correspondence than any other time in recent memory, and since colleges legitimately include understudies in the entirety of their exercises, it is significant that instructive colleges share bona fide stories with individuals so the colleges will have a one of a kind observation in the psyches of understudies. Market in the training set up includes conveying the estimation of item or administration with the potential clients understudies. It includes overseeing promotion fulfilling requirements of understudies, with the universitys capacity so they are favored over their rivals. The earth encompassing CQ University incorporates Micro/inside condition which alludes to inner factors inside the college like its correspondence approach with understudies, administration quality, understudy commitment, and so on. Full scale condition implies outside condition that has impressive effect on miniaturized scale condition like political powers, innovative viewpoints, administrations offered by contending colleges, and so forth. Request Assessments As indicated by Cross, Belich Rudelius, Primary object of interest appraisal is to see needs and prerequisites of buyers with the goal that a firm can in like manner place its proposal in the market which will prompt its prosperity or disappointment relying upon whether it had the option to fulfill the requests of end client. This movement causes firms to comprehend their intended interest group, fiscal penance they are happy to make to acquire administration (Cross, Belich Rudelius, 2015). The CQ University is viewed as probably the best college of Australia and it has a broad land nearness all through the landmass. The college has a solid brand name and it is perceived among universes driving colleges as far as pledge to assorted variety and joint effort, by Times Higher Education World University Rankings and by QS World University Rankings. It has had the option to make a one of a kind picture in psyches of individuals because of its attention on requests of potential understudies. Social Innovation CQ University centers around engaging its whole staff and understudies the same by achieving improvement in the public eye. The imaginative aptitudes and information on understudies are empowered at various levels. Comprehensive Feature It is viewed as one of the most comprehensive colleges of Australia. There is commitment from understudies, staff and networks. There is decent variety in all regards. Understudy Success In light of the requirements of understudies, the college offers different help administrations and projects which will valuable the understudies and give them improving experience during their instructive excursion. Because of its attention on the prerequisites of understudies it has been fruitful in building up its image name at a worldwide level (Dosoglu-Guner Deniz, 2015). Division and Target Markets The primary point of division is to distinguish the piece of market which will be generally gainful for a firm. With regards to instructive colleges there division is very characterized and it utilizes segment division model dependent on age. It centers around understudies who are intrigued to get authentications and degrees. In view of the instructive needs of understudies, CQ University centers at both national and global level on those are happy to decide on courses being offered by them (Griffith Hoppner, 2013). The objective market of a college is significant since there is colossal rivalry in the part and the assets are obliged. The objective of CQ University incorporates youthful populace at numerous areas, who may choose separation instruction mode or nearby method of preparing. The examination level shifts from short courses to inquire about higher degree. Current Marketing Mix Item/Service It incorporates the wide scope of courses, degrees and certificates being offered at the CQUniversity covering various subjects like business and bookkeeping, building exchanges, wellbeing, administration industry, and so forth. It offers a lot of pre-college pathway courses, more than 45 college classes and 40 postgraduate courses. Spot CQ University has more than 10 grounds on Australian east coast from where the understudies can decide to consider. A portion of the areas are Melbourne, the Gold Coast, and so forth which well known urban goals (Hofacker Belanche, 2016). Advancement TheCQUniversity is exceptionally positioned by various college positioning offices and it is now viewed as among perceived colleges of the world. It fundamentally centers around granting quality instruction to understudies and uses web as apparatus to share rousing stories and associate with present and planned understudies. Cost It alludes to the estimation of the contribution being made by the college, CQ University considers the beneath components while deciding the understudy expense citizenship of competitor, grants and college arrangements. It hasscholarships and budgetary help programs which bolster understudies both monetarily and nonfinancial. Irritation Analysis It alludes to the system of full scale natural determinants which affect the exhibition of an association. Political It incorporates government strategies, ecological laws. Since government highly affects instruction division, colleges need to maintain arrangements set by it. As indicated by CommonwealthHigher Education Support Act 2003 there ought to be 3 sorts of instructive supplier in Australia colleges, advanced education foundations certify by state an area and other self-authorizing advanced education establishments (Hunt, 2015). Monetary It incorporates monetary turn of events, expansion rate, and so forth. Since training is one of the fundamental requirements for man the improvement in financial circumstances improves instruction quality they like. The little grounds of CQ University guarantee that understudies who pick it are treated with decency and as people regardless of their experience (Ormond, 2015). Social It incorporates social components, populace development, vocation disposition, and so on. The CQ University is one of the luxuriously differing colleges. Individuals from all over the world lean toward it since it has its image name and altruism. Mechanical It incorporates specialized viewpoints like RD, development, and so forth. With changing innovative condition it is significant for instructive colleges to be versatile. CQ University is outfitted with most recent models understudies of innovation and it has gained notoriety for look into greatness. Contender Analysis CQ University keeps up a serious edge in the instruction division as it offers backing to wide assortment of grants so as to help understudies in the scholarly territories at undergrad, post graduate and professional degree of study. The University of Sydney, University of Melbourne, and University of Queensland are among the top contenders of CQ University. Setting up a serious situation in the training segment requires predictable and whimsical courses with profoundly experienced offices and upgraded innovation. In any case, the college has not had the option to get the notoriety and request like its rivals in the market. The serious situation needs all the more providing food towards building up more grounded grounds in the degree of instruction so as to give intense rivalry to the contenders. CQ University is situated in the main 501-600 gathering of colleges. This has made the college to be set in the top 3% of the colleges on the planet. CQ University has wide spread geographic reach, unobtrusive section norms of courses alongside moving confirmations. The college centers around temporary positions and reasonable learning and in the quality of research. SWOT Analysis Qualities Economies of scale Serious costs High achievement rate High work rates Shortcoming Security concerns Reconnaissance and timing Awful acquisitions Opportunity New items or courses Recognition of the whimsical module Improvement in the present structure Concentrating on new projects and bigger populace portion Dangers Contenders offering comparative courses Comparative mechanical offices in contender Universities Out of date offices Poor business rate Terrible notoriety Worth B

The Books I Had to Read in British High School A Comprehensive List

The Books I Had to Read in British High School A Comprehensive List Whenever I talk to my friends who grew up in the US about the books they had to read in high school, I’m struck by how many of the classics they got through. They read both British and American authors: Jane Austen, Charles Dickens, William Faulkner, Toni Morrison. As a teenager growing up in the UK I was fairly well-read, but only because I spent all my free time with novels. It seemed to me that we didn’t study nearly as many books in my high school English classes as my American peers did. So, I decided to make a list of all the books I remember reading for school, to see. Most of you probably already know from the Harry Potter books that British high school is seven years long because we start at age eleven. So, for the sake of fair comparison, I’m only counting books I had to read in the last four years of my secondary education (the years when we had to do exams). Are you ready? Here goes. 1) Anita and Me by Meera Syal This semi-autobiographical novel is inspired by Syals experience as the child of Punjabi immigrants in 1970s England. We studied it in a module about “different cultures.” The other option was To Kill A Mockingbird, but our English department rejected it on the basis that it had more pages. Putting aside the concerning fact that our teachers didn’t think 16-year-olds could make it through one average-length novel, Anita and Me was a pretty solid choice. My classmates and I were 90s kids living in the whitest part of Britain and had little concept of either immigration or the 1970s. Anita and Me introduced us to the world of working-class families in the West Midlands through the eyes of one ten-year-old girl who just wants her parents to be like everyone else’s. Wikipedia tells me it’s still on the national syllabus. 2) Spies: A Novel  by Michael Frayn Another coming-of-age novel, Spies is set in England during the Second World War. It was a little too serious, a little too clever, to be really enjoyable. Two neighborhood boys spy on one of their mothers under the pretext that she is a German spy, but the real German spy turns out to be someone completely different. Meanwhile, they do actually discover something important about the mother. Being pre-teen boys, they are completely oblivious to what it is for the majority of the narrative. The main takeaway of the story, as I remember it years later, is pretty much the same as Anita and Me: parents that seem weird and embarrassing when you’re a kid turn out to be far preferable to parents who are cruel. And that’s the whole list. I have wracked my brain trying to recall everything we read, and as far as novels go, this is it. Of course, we also studied some Shakespeare, a couple of modern plays, and a smattering of poetry. There was one assignment where we had to write an essay comparing two books. Any two books. (I chose These Is My Words by Nancy Turner and Tom Bedlam by George Hagen because they were two of my favourites at the time). For my final English Literature exam of high school, the topic was “War.” We were encouraged to read books like All Quiet on the Western Front, Birdsong, and Regeneration. These were never discussed in class or directly referred to in the exam questions, as far as I remember, but we could mention them in our answers if we liked. Maybe the takeaway from this is that I went to a bad high school (partly true: my class had no designated English teacher for an entire year because the one assigned to us took off to Australia almost as soon as the first semester started). Or maybe the British curriculum deeply underestimates teenagers’ abilities. Either way, it gave me all the more free time to read the books I really wanted to, and for that I’m grateful!

Structuring A Focused MBA Application Essay

This is the  third post our new series, Maximize Your MBA Application: 5 Tips for Succinct Essays. Follow the series on the blog or download our special report to learn the tips and tricks needed to focus on the critical and trim your essays down to the limits, without sacrificing valuable content. There is no specific recipe for creating the perfect essay structure (because then that would probably be a really boring essay), but there are a number of techniques you can follow to make sure your essay is complete and organized. Consider these three options: 1. Chronological structure: Start your essay by introducing a momentous event or experience in your life and then chronologically tell the story of how you reached that point in time. Alternatively, you can use the chronological structure in a goals essay: Introduce your goal and then walk your reader through the development of your goal and then how you intend to achieve it. 2. Key achievements structure: For this structure you’ll introduce an experience (at work or otherwise) and then in each subsequent section of the essay you’ll discuss either accomplishments you attained during that experience, character traits or skills that you developed along the way, or lessons learned. To conclude your essay, you may want to write about how this experience and these outcomes have influenced your decision to pursue an MBA and your goal of XYZ. 3. Role structure: If you have an impressive job, then this may be a good route for you to take to talk about your current position. For this structure, you’ll open your essay with a particular anecdote, incident, or experience that exemplifies your role or reveals a significant achievement. Then in subsequent paragraphs you’ll go into more detail about what you’re accomplished, challenges you’ve met, likes and dislikes, etc. To wrap up your essay, you can discuss how this position has led you to where you are (pursuing an MBA) and to your goal to become XYZ. Which approach is best? That depends on the question you are responding to and the story you are trying to convey. You don’t need to use the same structure in each essay for a given school. You can definitely mix and match. And as we said in the last tip, you want to make sure you answer the question. To summarize: Your goal is to be as clear, concise, and organized as possible. Introduce your theme, support your theme either chronologically or with supporting details/ examples of your accomplishments, roles, or responsibilities, and then wrap it all up with a conclusion. This post is excerpted from the Accepted.com special report, Maximize Your MBA Application: 5 Tips for Succinct Essays.   To download the entire free special report, click here. //

Understanding Movies - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 318 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/09/20 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Movie Essay Did you like this example? Understanding movies was the most interesting class which I have ever taken. People expect many advantages from taking various classes. Some people want to take a sports class to have fun while other people like a science class to enlarge their knowledge. In my case, I could get both entertainment and knowledge form the movie class. Through the use of a couple of examples and specific explanation, I will demonstrate why I liked the movie class most. First, Understanding movies was enjoyable. School life was always stressful. Whenever I was sick and tired of my major classes such as math, economics and so on, I could relax myself in the movie class. One day, I was so stressed out because I failed a quiz in my math class. But the movie class showed Dead poets society, which gave me a lesson. While I saw some young high school students trying to find the real value of lives, my stress had done away. Movie class entertained me whenever I felt bad during my university days. Sec ond, the movie class allowed me to have much valuable knowledge. In the movies, there are so many kinds of people, history and culture. When I saw the movie, Modern times by Charlie Chaplin, I could learn the situation of the United States in the early nineteenth century. Before I saw the movie, I did not know what exactly happened during The Great Depression in the U. S.. The movie class was one of the best sources of my knowledge. I really loved that movie class not only it was enjoyable but also it enlarged my knowledge. Since I found some advantages of watching movies, I have seen so many films that changed my major to film making. I hope that I can take one more chance to attend a movie class in the Unite States. The movie class was the most exciting class Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Understanding Movies" essay for you Create order

Coming Back to Cultural Imperialism - 623 Words

Coming back to Cultural Imperialism. We would like to start with the most rudimentary questions. What is culture. Why do we need to talk about it. What does Imperialism have to do with culture. And what is Cultural Imperialism. When Steger talks about the cultural dimension of globalization, he uses the words â€Å"symbolic construction, articulation, and dissemination of meaning† (90). Culture can define an individual, a group, a society, a nation or even the globe. Humans are social beings and since pre-historic times humans have been inquisitive and have embarked upon journeys to find new civilization. Today we are looking for life on other planets. When a person interacts with another, the first judgment he makes is about his nature. Similarly when we find ourselves in a new atmosphere, a new culture, the first few things we pick up are the culture not the economic status or the political scenario. It could be as simple as a greeting in the native language, or knowledge ab out the local cuisine, clothes or traditions. We all know that Vasco Da Gama brought along spices from his visit to India. What intrigues us so much, must be of huge importance. Culture exists in the form of ideas, language, identity, images and everything the human mind can perceive. Cultural is the inherent reactions, the way we behave socially, what we believe in and what makes us stand apart or defines us as a group. An interesting term at the heart of our discussion is ‘cultural products’. According toShow MoreRelatedBrionna Johnson. Mr. T.Kemiksizgil, Period 4. Mrs. K. Prinzo,1310 Words   |  6 Pages Period 4 Mrs. K. Prinzo, Period 6 03 March 2017 European Imperialism Good for Colonized Countries? Imagine you re in the 1700s and live in South Africa or another colonized country. You’ve gotten used to the new lifestyle, but then the Europeans come in and force imperialism onto you and your country. Being obliged to do something is what happened in South Africa. South Africa got colonized by Britain in 1795. Imperialism spread in the 1900s to Africa. So Africa was forced into havingRead MoreCultural Imperialism And The United States1475 Words   |  6 PagesDuring my time in Guatemala, I believe that the social issues I came in the most contact with were hegemony and cultural imperialism, or in other words, the influence the United States has over Guatemala. No matter where I was, whether it be the streets of the small town of San Miguel or the larger, more developed city of Guatemala City, I could not help but notice how much of an impact the United States has. Throughout the course of a month we learned a lot about the root causes of poverty- AmericaRead MoreThings Fall Apart916 Words   |  4 Pageschange virtually all of our ways by a foreign nation. Unfortunately for the Ibo society, imperialism was forced upon them. All they could do was sit back and watch as the English changed all aspects of their life. Everything from religion to family life was changed by imperialism. The title, Things Fall Apart, suits the book very well because that is essentially what happened to the Umuofia village. The cultural traditions of Umuofia eventually fell apart. The main points of focus in Things FallRead MoreImperialism And Colonization : The Heart Of Darkness1501 Words   |  7 PagesImperialism and Colonization The Heart of Darkness’ author Joseph Conrad’s idea that imperialism has an extensive impact on African natives and their ways of life is entirely correct; along with the idea that imperialism and colonization are simply a guise of a somewhat â€Å"noble cause,† used as a veil to shield underlying problems. 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In Heart of Darkness, Conrad implies an individual develops a â€Å"need† to fulfill his or her â€Å"role† as the superior, through cultural values. During the South African wars, Europeans were granted the title as the â€Å"superior group† and glorified more than any other race (Reybrouck 109). Reybrouck says because of this, Kurtz developed a sense of self through the â€Å"great tradition†Read MoreThe Cultural Dynamics Of Globalization1062 Words   |  5 Pagesconcept of globalization, especially through a cultural lens. Large scale globalization is something that historians have traced back to the early 19th century, but it has developed increasingly quickly and continually in the 20th century. (Ritzer and Dean, 2015) When studying globalization, it is impractical to view it a question of being simply something new or old, but rather as a process that constantly affects the world and can be understood through cultural changes. This paper will discus s, throughRead MoreThe Scramble for Africa Essay1032 Words   |  5 Pagescolonial powers managed to conquer and control almost the entire continent of Africa in a short, twenty-five year period from about 1875 to 1900. Some of the European states involved were already well-established global powers; the others were up and coming nations that desired to emulate and compete with the dominant imperial states. Various factors allowed for and contributed to the conquering of the whole of Africa by European states. The slow, but ever-growing European presence on the perimeterRead MoreSignificant Events that Shaped America between 1940 and 19801499 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant news? News comes through media outlets such as radio, newspaper and television. Americans especially tend to take things at face value. â€Å"This information must be true, I read it in a newspaper.† In 1941 Japan attacked Pearl Harbor and in the coming weeks thanks to newspaper, men and underage boy s were lined up in a fury ready to serve their country and the United States declares war on Japan. In the same year Hitler declares war on the United States. The United States drops the Atomic bombRead MoreThe Battle Of The Imperial System1316 Words   |  6 PagesWants to Marry an Emperor† that being married to an emperor is a fool’s errand; women are the ideal candidates of an noble emperor. Despite her trivial attacks on male emperors, men are undoubtedly far superior in ruling justified by their extension back to antiquity rulers, capability, and traditional essence. The imperial system has extended across thousands of years of Japanese history; it’s pitiful to say that it’ll come to a closing fairly soon. The imperial system demands a male to be the successor

Influence Of The Modern City - 1905 Words

Movements such as Futurism, Cubism and Impressionism saw Artists such as Umberto Boccioni, Claude Monet, and Pablo Picasso use the speed, and compression to reference the leisure filled Modern City, while trying to keep pace with the advances(Technological and Theoretical), which were breaking the Traditional way of life. Examples of this include; Umberto Boccioni’s, The City Rises (1910); Claude Monet’s, Boulevard des Capucines (1873); and Pablo Picasso’s, Absinthe Drinker (1901). By embracing the technological and theoretical changes of the Modern City, artists transitioned away from what was known as the conventional creation of Art. Meaning the way of depicting and portraying figures, and scenes within an image. Things were no longer idealised, and artists strived to paint images the way they were rather than the way people wanted them to be. It is in this way that Artists transitioned away from that which they had been taught, and as such, were able to effectively, experiment with different ways of representing the meaning of the Modern City. The adaptation from the traditional city, to the modern city, therefore contains a history of rejection of the traditional limitations and definitions of art. In the following analysis, it becomes apparent the Artists reference to the Modern City was based heavily on their contemporary urban environment. As such they were often influenced by the way the city had effect them. For example, Picasso’s Blue Period, in which heShow MoreRelatedThe Roman And Greek Civilization940 Words   |  4 PagesIt is truly fascinating how two different civilizations could fabricate almost every inch of society as long as humans can remember for thousands of years into the future and beyond. From the calendar and toilet to modern roads and concrete, both the Roman and Greek civilization terraformed the world and our homes. Both civilizations also introduced a wider variety of religion, mathematics, science, art and architecture concepts, machinery, military technology and strategy, astronomy, agricultureRead MoreEssay on The Roman and Grecian Effects on Society1261 Words   |  6 Pagesempires from early in human history. Much influence can be found from the Roman and Grecian empires, more than from any other sources. The basic forming of our own government can be traced back to the ideals that formed the Roman and Greek governments, paying attention their strengths and also to what caused the demise of t hose societies as well. (teachergenius.teachtci.com) Let us examine the Roman influences and facts first. Roman Governmental Influence: There was almost a caste system of sortsRead MoreGreek And Roman Civilizations : Greece And Ancient Civilizations1503 Words   |  7 Pagesexamining the impact that the ancient world has had on modern Western civilization, the two ancient civilizations which are frequently understood as having had the greatest influence are Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. These two civilizations would eventually come to shape much of what would become the modern European culture, politics and society, and by extension, a vast proportion of global culture and society. In scrutinizing the trajectory of modern history in an era of globalization of Western ideasRead MoreGreek And Roman Civilizations : Greece And Ancient Civilizations1498 Words   |  6 Pagesexamining the impact that the ancient world has had on modern Western civilization, the two ancient civilizations which are frequently understood as having had the greatest influence are Ancient Greece and Ancient R ome. These two civilizations would eventually come to shape much of what would become the modern European culture, politics and society, and by extension, a vast proportion of global culture and society. In examining the trajectory of modern history in an era of globalization of Western ideasRead MoreA Smart City Is Not Just About The Good Things905 Words   |  4 Pagestaken from author Anne-Marie Aguilar emphasizes this paper’s argument that the concept of a smart city has positive, but also negative impacts, such as generating class division and social inequality. However, because attention is directed towards the positive effects, this often leads one to overlook the primarily negative influence of this phenomenon. To start with, we define a smart city as a city in which ICT is merged with traditional infrastructures, coordinated and integrated using new digitalRead MoreUrban Planning And Design Of Urban Cities Essay1643 Words   |  7 PagesCities are characterized b y the patterns of streets and squares that define their arrangement, a concept that undergoes frequent changes since the establishment of cities 10,000 years ago. There are multitude factors that influence such changes with system of government, values, population size, values, artistic sensibility, building methods, design techniques, paving techniques, military considerations, and transport technology being the main determinants. Medieval architectural designs emphasizedRead MorePerpustakaan Negara and Pusat Sains Negara1012 Words   |  4 Pagesconcept of a traditional Malay men head gear called ‘tengkolok songket’ which can be seen exteriorly. Most of the public building as mentioned above used a ‘traditional’ approach in it’s design concept. This indicated that part of the traditional influences is still being use locally in the progress of forming the urban characteristic of Kuala Lumpur. Other than all the mentioned buildings in previous pages, the other major components in contributing urbanism in Malaysia is the old local shophousesRead MoreNo More Weird Architecture And Its Effect On The Construction Industry1369 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction All kinds of strange landmarks in China has exceeded â€Å"the Tyrant city: Dubai† where its was also described as the contemporary architectural museum. Chinese cities are entering the era of the craziest, however, its soon coming to an end. Last month Xi Jinping’s comment, â€Å"No more weird architecture has caused an uproar in the construction industry: the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development is organising expert discussions will likely strengthen the construction of publicRead MoreHistorical Events That Took Place During The Classical Period1458 Words   |  6 PagesTroy O’Donnell Professor Roberts April 27, 2015 World Literature I Historically Significant Influences of Aristotle During the Classical Period, 500-232 BCE, Greece was at the peak of its political and cultural achievement. This was also a time of war, most noteworthy being the vast empire created by Alexander the Great. In a period containing such an immense amount of historical significance there is no doubting that it had influenced the people born. Notorious philosopher Aristotle is no exceptionRead More Architecture Set In Motion Essay1570 Words   |  7 PagesVersailles, in revolt against the palace and after the death of Louis XIV, French women who had city houses in Paris inspired a new lightened airy style of decor and architecture. As seen in the Salon de la Princess, the structure of the room has virtually been covered up by white walls of wood and mirrors, and it only contains hints of the classical orders and conventions, while conveying the modern concept of space free of major structural forms. The predominate feature in the room is the gold

Organized Being in Kant’s Groundwork for the Metaphysics...

Kants argument that good will is the supreme purpose of mans existence based on observations of the influence that reason exerts on the will is inconsistent with what may be observed in nature. It presupposes an intentional cosmos wherein an organized beings purpose, and thus its standard of value, can be extracted from an examination of its constitution and faculties. While this presupposition is logically consistent with the rest of Kants moral theory it does not coincide with what we can actually observe in nature. The following essay will examine, one, the idea of an organized being, secondly, why Kant proposes it, then we will contrast this idea with what we observe, and finally, analyse the extent of the harm done to the†¦show more content†¦Kant proposes that the distinction of purposes between reason and instinct is apparent because if mans sole purpose was his own well-being then the only factor that nature would allow to leverage his will would be instinct, the desires and inclinations thereof being entirely sufficient for that end. However, that man must have some other purpose beyond his own happiness is evident from the influence that reason exerts on the will. If mans object were his happiness alone then should reason have been communicated to this favoured creature ...it must only have served it to contemplate the happy constitution of its nature...but not that it should subject its desires to that weak and delusive guidance and meddle bunglingly with the purpose of nature. (6) Reason, in Kants view, could not have been intended by nature as an auxiliary for enhancing mans pursuit of happiness. He points out his observation that those who attempt to employ reason in pursuit of this end often achieve results contrary to it. So long as we do not doubt the capacity of reason to compel man to set aside his inclinations we must also accept that nature has intended him for a secondary purpose as well. Otherwise, Nature would not only have taken on herself the choice of the ends, butShow MoreRelatedKant s Categorical Imperative And Morality1297 Words   |  6 Pagespeople in general, from the bounds of a religious authority or moral absolute to judge them. Working during the Enlightenment, he contributed to the flow of similarly progressive ideas during this pivotal era in human development and knowledge. Brought about by his deeply religious upbringing and social environment, Kant’s categorical imperative was an attempt to rationalize religion, a central goal of the Enlightenment. Immanuel Kant’s upbringing certainly affected his thoughts on religion and moralityRead MoreImmanuel Kants View on Human Nature and the Relationship between Nations2105 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿Immanuel Kants View on Human Nature and Relationship between Nations Immanuel Kant (1724 1804) was born in Kaliningrad in East Prussia. Kant spent his working life there and also produced work on various subject matters including ethics metaphysics, epistemology, aesthetics etc. He published his three famous critiques and wrote on religion, eternal peace and politics. All of the above, Kant was the philosopher of human autonomy. He was of the view that human beings can determine and manageRead MoreThe Legality, Morality, and Social Responsibility of the Affordable Care Act and Florida Blue.5116 Words   |  21 Pagesthe size and power of the federal government and it is one of the largest tax increase in the history of the world,† despite it being almost equally in size to President Clinton 1993 tax increase (â€Å"‘Obamacare’ isn’t the largest†, 2012). There is an abundance of questions surrounding the new healthcare act ranging from the constitutionality of Act to the ethical and moral ramifications of such wide sweeping legislation. This paper will attempt to answer some of these questions as they pertain to healthcare

Discrimination and Special Educational Needs Free Essays

string(71) " Inform Ofsted and get additional advice/support from relevant bodies\." HOME BASED CHILDCARE CYPOP5 TASKS 1-3 TASK 1 (Produce an information sheet which outlines the following: the current legislation for home based childcare and the role of regulatory bodies. ) The current legislations are as follows: * Sex Discrimination Act (1975) This backed by the Equal Opportunities Commission and its aims is to make sure people are not discriminated against on the basis of their gender. * Race Relations Act (1976) which has been amended in (2000) This is to ensure individual are given a fair opportunity and the appropriate measures are put into place to achieve that goal. We will write a custom essay sample on Discrimination and Special Educational Needs or any similar topic only for you Order Now Education Act (1981) This brought a significant change in through the wishes of parents ‘rights’ so that children with disabilities could be educated in ordinary schools. * Public Health (Control of Disease) Act (1984 This explains in great detail the notification and exclusion periods for certain infectious diseases. * Education Reform act (1988) This brought about the process of the (National Curriculum) in schools. * Education Act (1993) This made some very important changes to the Education Act 1981 and the law relating to children with special educational needs. These changes are now consolidated in the Education Act 1996. The Code of Practice and the SEN Tribunal were the major innovations as was the enforcement of strict time limits for completing assessments of special educational needs by Local Education Authorities. * Code of Practice for the Identification and Assessment of Children with Special Educational Needs (1994 which was revised in (2001) This is guidance specifically aimed at children who have Special Educational Needs (SEN) for the Local Authorities and the aim was designed to promote a high level of standards for all pupils through inclusive education. Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulation (RIDDOR) (1995) Outlines certain incidents or accidents that must be reported by law; For e. g. A Fracture, other than to fingers, thumbs and toes. * Food Safety (General Food Hygiene) Regulations (1995) This is about Food Temperature control and general food safety; this is not yet applicable to childminders to register for although good hygiene practices must be adhered to. * Family Law Act (1996) Guidance relating to safeguarding children. * Disability Discrimination Act (1995) This was established by the Parliament for to ensure the rights of disabled individuals in the United Kingdom. * Education Act (1997) This combined all the Acts since 1944 into one Act. This entailed a full framework of identifying and assessing a child’s particular needs as set out in the (The Code of Practice) * Code of Practice for First Aid (1997) Gives guidance on detailed specification for trained First Aiders and First Aid Requirements. * Human Rights Act (1998) This came into force in (2000) and was set out by the European Convention on Human Rights, this outlines basic rights. (I. E. The right to life) * Protection of Children Act (1998) A Private members bill, which was introduced by Debra Shipley (MP) its provisions are designed to help strengthen procedures for vetting people who work with children. * Data Protection Act (1998) The Act covers any data about a living and identifiable individual and prevents confidential information being passed on without the individuals permission. In practice it provides a way for individuals to control information about themselves, in the case of children parents must give permission. * Special Educational Needs Disability Act (2001) The act required schools, colleges, universities, adult education providers, statutory Youth service and local education authorities to make ‘reasonable provisions’ to ensure people with disabilities or special needs were provided with the same opportunities as those who were not disabled. For e. g. wheelchair access if required Although was replaced by the Disability Discrimination Act 1995. * Care of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Regulations (2002) This deals with identification by risk assessment, control of exposure, health surveillance and incident planning, storage of cleaning fluids. * Health Protection Agency Act (2004) The Health Protection Agency is an independent UK organisation that was set up by the government in 2003 to protect the public from threats to their health from infectious diseases and environmental hazards and it does this by providing advice and information to the General Public, Health Professionals such as Doctors and Nurses and to the Local/National government * Children Act (2004) This Act’s ultimate purpose is to make the UK better and safer for children of all ages the idea behind the Act is to promote co-ordination between multiple official entities to improve the overall well-being of children. Every Child Matters’ 5 Outcomes are Identified: * Be Healthy * Stay Safe * Enjoy and achieve * Make a Positive Contribution * Achieve economic well-being * Childcare Act (2006) Introduced the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) in England. TASK 2 (In order to operate a registered home base childcare service the following policies and procedures must be in place: acciden ts, illness and emergencies; behaviour; safeguarding; equal opportunities. ) Write a policy for each of the above, and write a procedure to explain how each of the policies will be implemented. policies and 4 procedures are required ACCIDENT POLICY The safety of your child is paramount and I will take every measure I can to protect your child from hurting themselves. My premises have been checked and they meet the EYFS Welfare Requirements for childminding outlined by Ofsted. I also regularly review, update and practice safety routines. As a registered childminder, I am legally required to have a valid first aid certificate. I can administer basic first aid treatment, and my first aid box is clearly labelled and easily accessible. It is stored in the kitchen. Parent contact numbers are with the first aid box. I hold written permission from parents to get emergency treatment for their child if it is needed If an untoward incident occurs I will follow the following process: ACCIDENT PROCEDURE * Comfort and reassure the child Carry out First Aid if necessary. * Call an ambulance if necessary and attend hospital with the child. * I will also contact you immediately if a serious accident has occurred or if a minor accident has happened will contact you once the child has settled down. Fill in an accident report sheet and give you a copy of this. * Inform Ofsted and get additional advice/support from relevant bodies. You read "Discrimination and Special Educational Needs" in category "Papers" * Other children in my care will be looked after by another child minder Details are as follows Atia Begum or in exceptional circumstances where Atia is not available my sister Aisha Qamar will take over. * Ask you to keep me a dvised of your child’s condition following an accident if we have had to seek medical attention ILLNESS AND EMERGENCIES POLICY There is no charge for any period of non-attendance due to childminder illness. Although Full fees apply for any period of non-attendance due to child or parent illness. Unwell children are welcome to attend their scheduled hours so long as they meet the following criteria, based on Ofsteds national standards. Your child is welcome to attend so long as he/she 1. Does not have a contagious or infectious illness 2. Has not had vomiting or diarrhoea within the last 48 hours 3. Has eaten within the last 12 hours. 4. Is not coughing. 5. Does not have a raised temperature 6. Is not restless, irritable or over-tired 7. Is not bunged up or congested, or has thick and permanent runny nose. ILLNESS ND EMERGENCIES PROCEDURE Children who are coughing may attend so long as the cough is non-productive and they are being treated with a cough medicine. Children with runny noses may attend if they are being treated with medicine to treat their cold. All medication required by the child must be signed for, prior to the child’s attendance. If a form is not signed, no medication will be administered. A signature is required for all medication administered during the child’s scheduled hours. If the child becomes unwell, or does not meet the above criteria during their attendance, it may become necessary to send the child home. If you are in any doubt about a child’s ability to attend childminding hours, please telephone to discuss. If the child is not attending, please give as much notice as possible. If the child is unwell but able to attend, please mention this when they are dropped off so that plans may be changed if required. If you are unsure about a child’s health, or if medication is required, please speak to the child’s doctor, health visitor or a pharmacist. BEHAVIOUR POLICY * Do not feed or play with the animals without permission. * Keep coats, shoes and belongings tidied away. * Always sit when eating, ideally at the table. * No aggressive behaviour, biting, hitting, calling names. * Do not pick up babies or toddlers. * Always wash hands after going to the toilet or touching the animals. No jumping on the furniture. * Always wash your hands before eating. * Flush the chain after using the toilet, and replace the lid. * Treat other children and adults with respect and good manners. Handle toys with care. * Always remove shoes when upstairs. * No running ahead when out walking. * Always ask permission before removing car seat belts or opening car doors. * Never hang toys or limbs out of car doors or windows. BEAVIOUR PROCEDURES The NCMA (National Child Minding Association) recommended method of dealing with ‘naughty’ behaviour is through a time out session lasting only one minute per year of age. This involves encouraging t he child to sit quietly until the period is over. No child will be smacked or excluded from the room. Ongoing disobedience will be brought to your attention so a suitable solution can be reached. If it becomes necessary to restrain your child (For example a temper tantrum by the road side) you will be notified in writing. Good behaviour will be rewarded and encouraged by the use of praise, certificates and gold stars. The house rules are laid down to help children know what is expected of them while within the childminding setting. These rules are for the safety of your child and the other children around them, as well as the house and pets. Your child will not be punished for breaking the rules but will be encouraged not to. Please help with this, even if you do not follow the same rules within your own home. SAFEGUARDING AND EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES Omar I wouldn’t put the Safeguarding procedure and Equal opportunities together, they need to be separated. The safeguarding policy needs ,more information in regards to what you would do if you suspected a child had been abused – recording, speaking to parents if appropriate, making a referral if necessary I have given you some information with this on. I understand that child abuse can be physical, sexual, emotional and neglectful, or a mixture of these. I must notify Ofsted of any allegations of abuse that are alleged to have taken place while the child is in my care. Signs of abuse can vary widely and require professional involvement, which is why all childminders and anyone who had regular contact with another person’s child, must be aware of child abuse and report any suspicions. Under the Child Protection Act I am required, by law, to keep a record of any accidents or injuries which occur within my care or outside of my care. I have accident report forms which I will complete for any injury which occurs in childminding hours, which will require your signature. I also require you to fill in ’existing injury forms’ for any bumps and bruises received at home. In addition to being an equal opportunities environment, no child will be turned away due to ethical background or religious beliefs. Every attempt will be made to respect any cultural beliefs and wishes. Children with disabilities are welcome, providing their needs can be catered for. Children within my childminding setting will be exposed to and educated about a wide range of different religious and cultural beliefs. This will be used to teach all children to appreciate cultural diversity and to respect the beliefs of others around them. It will also help children feel confident and proud of their own background, whatever it may be. As part of their voyage into equality and diversity, children will be encouraged to join in celebrations into other country’s culture, religious festivals,  charity events and their own family background. It is important to remember that equal opportunities are not about treating everyone the same, but to understand their differences with an open and tolerant mind. Children will learn through positive awareness that differences are good things and should be celebrated and respected. SAFEGUARDING AND EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES PROCEDURES As a registered childminder, I have an obligation to report any suspicious incidents or accidents to the relevant authorities following the Local Safeguarding Children Board procedures. I keep up to date with child protection issues and relevant legislation by taking regular training courses and by reading relevant publications. This helps me be aware of the signs of abuse or neglect and what to do if I have a concern. I have a copy of and am familiar with the Local Safeguarding Children Board procedures. If I am concerned about a child’s welfare, I will contact the local authority, the NSPCC, NCMA or other relevant support services for advice, confidentially will be assured only when it is clear that there is no risk of harm to a child. The following numbers will always be to hand Ofsted (08456 404040) NCMA Information Line – for help and support for with all areas of childminding, including allegations of child abuse. 0800 169 4486 NCMA Legal advice line – offers free, professional advice to NCMA members on any legal problem related to their childminding business. (01253 777468) NSPCC child protection helpline – 24-hour helpline for people worried about a child (0808 800 5000) POLICY FOR ALLEGATIONS OF ABUSE AGAINST A CHILDMINDER As a Childminder working alone I may be vulnerable to allegations of abuse being made against me or another adult in my home. I will take precautions to protect myself from this happening by: * Ensuring all household members aged 16 and over are CRB cleared. * Ensuring all visitors to the house do not have unsupervised access to the children under any circumstances. * Ensuring, where possible, that no workmen/women are in the house during minded hours, unless it is to repair an emergency service or for health and safety reasons. Documenting every accident and incident that occurs whilst children are in my care, informing parents of such events and requesting them to sign my records. * Noting any noticeable marks on the children when they arrive and asking parents to inform me of any accidents that have occurred whilst outside my care. * Ensuring the children are within sight and/or hearing at all times according to the child’s age stage of ability. * Keeping accurate records on each child. * However, if an allegation is made I will then follow the procedure detailed below in order to gain support and professional advice: Contact : The Local Authority Designated Officer (LADO) immediately to discuss the nature of the allegation and the appropriate action to be taken. 01274 434343 * Ofsted to advise them of the allegation 0300 123 1231 I will write a detailed record of all related incidents, including what was said and by whom, with times and dates. After seeking advice/approval from the LADO I will ask witnesses (if there were any) to also write a statement detailing the incident they witnessed and giving their contact details in case it needs to be followed up by the authorities. Task 3 Confidentiality and data protection are vital when running a home based childcare service. Write an explanation of the importance of both. * Confidentiality-privacy, discretion keeping information secret. * Data Protection Act (1998)- This is designed to prevent confidential and personal information being passed on without a person’s consent. This now includes not just information stored on computers but also on paper and screen, including photographs. It is paramount for me as a childminder to safe guard the children in my care from any form of vulnerability, in order to achieve this I must be highly vigilant in my approach, I should never discuss issues of children with different parents. * Password protect my computers * Have a secure locked cupboard where I can keep personal information about the children in my care. The ultimate manner in which to run a successful business is to be professional at all times, this is a key focus as this can not only endanger the children but can also give out the wrong impression to parents. In addition to having confidentiality this is expected on both sides, as there will be information I will be sharing with parents i. e. contract details, fees, contact details, my experience etc. This will be a mandatory requirement on both sides, although my primary goal is to keep the children safe and healthy by implementing the good practices that the NCMA recommend, which is to have a lockable separate business filling system that cannot be accessed by the rest of my family or other visitors to my setting. How to cite Discrimination and Special Educational Needs, Papers

Icici Bank

Icici Bank- Strategy Analysis Essay ICICI Bank : Strategy Analysis Table of Contents ICICI Bank : Strategy Analysis1 ICICI Bank4 Brief History: Evolution of the Entity with respect to Time4 Inception4 Establishing Synergy: Consolidation5 ICICI Bank in the Retail sector6 How it all began6 ICICI’s perspective of the retail market and the elements of strategy7 Corporate relationships7 Technology8 Operational excellence8 ICICI and International Business9 International remittance key corridors for India9 Business Model10 ICICI Bank Approach10 Agri and Microfinance sector12 Rural, Micro-Banking Agribusiness Group (RMAG)13 Mapping the Possibilities14 The Distribution Network15 ICICI and Corporate Division16 Leveraging Technology17 Focussed Group Approach17 Leveraging relationships18 E- Finance In ICICI Bank19 The Way Ahead19 Corporate Social Responsibility: ICICI Bank19 The Core Social Values of ICICI and The Strategic Approach to Achieve them20 Alignment of the Firm’s Objective with its CSR21 Tools for Firm Analysis21 Value Chain25 Generic Competitive Strategies26 BCG Matrix:27 Resource Based View(RBV)28 Porter’s 5 Force Model:32 ICICI Bank Brief History: Evolution of the Entity with respect to Time Inception ICICI Bank traces back its origin to 1955 when, at the initiative of World Bank, the Government of India and representatives of Indian industry, The Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India Limited (ICICI) was incorporated with the objective of providing long-term and medium-term project financing to Indian businesses (Exhibit 1). In 1955 ICICI acted as a primary source of foreign currency in the Indian Market. Funding from World Bank, GOI, and other multilateral sources not withstanding ICICI was also one of the first Indian companies to raise funds from international markets. In 1956 itself the company declared its first dividend of 3. 5%. Spreading Wings: Developing a Diverse Product and Market Portfolio In 1967 ICICI made its first debenture issue for Rs. 6 crore, which was oversubscribed and in 1969 the first two regional offices were set up in Calcutta and Madras. In 1972 the company set up merchant banking services and became one of the first two Indian entities to do so. In 1977 the formation of Housing Development Finance Corporation was sponsored by ICICI, and the company also managed its first equity public issue. In 1982 the bank raised European Currency Units, the first Indian borrower to do so, and also commenced leasing business. In 1986 ICICI received ADB Loans, again the first Indian institution to do so. In the same year, ICICI, along with UTI, set up Credit Rating Information Services of India Limited. In the same year ICICI promoted Shipping Credit and Investment Company of India Limited. The year 1987 saw ICICI making a public issue of Swiss Franc 75 million in Switzerland, marking the entry of an Indian entity in the Swiss capital market. In 1993 it Promoted TDICI, Indias first venture capital company. ICICI Bank Established It was in 1994 that ICICI Bank started as a wholly owned banking subsidiary of ICICI Limited. And in 1996 when K. V. Kamath took over ICICI Bank, ICICI, and its other group companies had largely complementary services, and though legally not a single entity, operated as a â€Å"virtual universal bank† in unison. Establishing Synergy: Consolidation The process of achieving synergy across the different areas of operation began formally with the year 1998 when the name The Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India Ltd was also changed to ICICI Ltd and subsequently in 1999 a new logo symbolizing a common corporate identity for the ICICI Group was introduced. The Merger: It was in 2001the Boards of Directors of ICICI and ICICI Bank sanctioned the amalgamation of ICICI and two of its wholly-owned retail finance subsidiaries, ICICI Personal Financial Services Limited and ICICI Capital Services Limited, with ICICI Bank. In the following year, the merger was approved by its shareholders, the High Court of Gujarat at Ahmadabad as well as the High Court of Judicature at Mumbai and the Reserve Bank of India. In the merger process one fully paid up equity share of ICICI Bank stood for two fully paid up equity shares of ICICI. The share exchange ratio was determined by two separate financial advisors and an independent accounting firm, on the basis of the valuation process carried out by them. The shares held by ICICI in ICICI Bank were not cancelled. They were delivered to a trust to be divested in future, the benefits of the divestments accruing to the merged entity. (Exhibit2) Why: The growing competition in the industry, and the structural changes, happening very fast with changing regulations, initiated such a decision. The merger of ICICI Bank and ICICI, and two subsidiaries formalized the potential synergy that existed between them because of complementary services, products, and similar operational processes and ideology. The merger resulted in a winning combination of the deposit raising capability of the ICICI Bank with the large capital base of ICICI. It made the corporate relations built by ICICI easily accessible to ICICI Bank. It also integrated the retail operations of ICICI, and its two subsidiaries, with ICICI Bank. Thus the merger helped in creating a seamless line of services to both the corporate and the retail sectors. Present Situation: An Overview ICICI Bank presently is one of the most reputed financial companies in India. The second largest bank in India, it is also the largest private sector bank in terms of market capitalization. It is also the largest issuer of credit cards in India. With more than 24 million customers, about 5,219 ATMs and a network of 2,016 branches and 17 subsidiary companies (domestic and international included, Ref. Exhibit. 3,as on 31 March 2009), ICCI is not only one of the four major players in the Indian market, but also boasts of presence in 19 different countries ( Ref. Exhibit. 4) , including India. Its shares are listed in stock exchanges of Kolkata, Vadodora, The BSE, The NSE and its ADRs trade on the New York Stock Exchange. Its main competitors are State Bank of India,  Axis Bank  and  HDFC Bank, the other three of the four major players in the sector The bank caters to a wide range of both corporate and retail customers with its various banking and financial instruments in the areas of investment banking, life and non-life insurance, venture capital and asset management. The bank is one of the firsts among the Indian banking companies to expand overseas, keeping in mind particularly the NRI population, and presently operates in its different markets through wholly-owned subsidiaries (for e. g. n Canada, Russia and the UK), branches (for e. g. in Belgium, Hong Kong and Sri Lanka) and representatives offices (for e. g. in Bangladesh, China, Malaysia, Indonesia, South Africa, Thailand, the United Arab Emirates and USA). This case will be dealing with the banking sector of the ICICI Bank. ICICI Bank in the Retail sector The retail banking business is often regarded as the bread and butter of the ICIC I bank among all its other portfolios of businesses. ICICI is the largest provider of retail credit in India. As of March 31, 2008, its total retail portfolio was Rs. 316. 63 billion. And even more astonishingly, retail business single-handedly accounted for 58% of its total loans in the same year of 2008(for reference see Exhibit 5). Its current and savings account (CASA) deposits as a percentage of total deposits increased from 22% at March 31, 2007 to 26% at March 31, 2008, with savings account deposits increasing by 36% during fiscal 2008. Also its CASA ratio took a dip in 2009 when savings increased after the downturn but soon underwent a recovery in 2010(see Exhibit 6). How it all began Deputy MD Chanda Kochhar says â€Å"When we rolled out the retail strategy in a big way that was again a huge change and therefore a hugely enriching experience because at that time, the entire consumer finance business was very nascent for the country as a whole. So, we really had to create a vision of what this business is going to be like for the country and of course it was absolutely new for ICICI. One was really moving in uncharted territories and taking decisions, taking a call as one moved along and learning alongside. In 1996 when K. V Kamath joined ICICI bank as the new MD and CEO, he immediately initiated strategic initiatives and structural changes across the ICICI Group that helped redraw its boundaries and take it to the next level. Retail financing in the mid-1990s was an open field, with no major players and Kamath recruited a young bunch of strikers who would score winners for him. In 1997, ICICI became the first Indian financial institution to go online. At a time when word was experiencing the dotcom boom, Kamath was quick to sense the shift in customer demands. Whereas the opportunity was the vast untapped potential, he achieved this by adding a new weapon to his armoury technology. It is worth mentioning here that ICICI has been investing in technology since many years, even much before other banks had started thinking this way. So ICICI bank leveraged on this technology resource to a lot of extent to emerge as a leader in this space. It was K. V Kamath’s idea that introduced ATMs across the country using current technology as an enabler. ICICI Bank had experienced a growth rate of more than 180% in its very first year and a separate majority owned company called ICICI Infotech supported the IT operations of the banking section. But it was the innovative idea of introducing ATMs, which gave them the special headstart. The competitors present in the then retail banking sector were the State Bank of India and other foreign banks who had an excellent presence in the retail sector. What ICICI lacked then was a resource that these banks had in plenty. SBI in particular had huge number of branches that helped it reach out to its customers. ICICI back then had only 50 branches across the country. It compensated for this lack of resource by setting up ATM’s all over the country. ICICI’s perspective of the retail market and the elements of strategy In exhibit 8, the year wise comparison of mortgage loans to that of other retail loans for three consecutive years of 2000- 2002 is shown where the loan units are in billions of rupees. Despite the fast growth, the Indian retail market continued to be under-penetrated in comparison to its peers. This was the perspective that ICICI took in looking at the retail market. Corporate relationships ICICI bank’s strategy to capture the untapped market potential can be said to revolve around four elements, they being strong corporate relationships, brand, technology and operational excellence. Coming to the first element of strong corporate relationships, ICICI has undergone a series of mergers to enhance its capital base. For example, In May 2002, the merger of ICICI, ICICI PFS and ICICI Capital with ICICI Bank was realized, creating what is now referred to simply as ICICI. According to the ICICI’s 2001-2002 Annual Report, the merger of ICICI and its subsidiaries with ICICI Bank created a combined entity with complementary strengths and products and similar processes and operating architecture. The merger has combined the large capital base of ICICI with the strong deposit raising capability of ICICI Bank, giving ICICI Bank improved ability to increase its market share in banking fees and commissions, while lowering the overall cost of funding through access to lower-cost retail deposits. ICICI Bank is now able to fully leverage the strong corporate relationships that ICICI has built, seamlessly providing the whole range of financial products and services to corporate clients. Then delving into the second decider of strategy for ICICI’s growth, ICICI has built up its brand and has been able to position it in the minds of the retail consumer in such a way that it helps drive its business. After 2002 ICICI has more consciously started its brand and has been successful to a great extent. Technology Technology has always been the key driver in most of the growth strategies of ICICI bank. Technology is a very important aspect of ICICIs innovations, as the firm has taken advantage of the affordability of technology to enhance its business. The financial services company has allied itself with a number of other companies in order to offer innovative services. They have partnered with Orange and Airtel to provide WAP-based m-commerce (mobile/telephone banking), with Compaq to develop a payment gateway, with Yahoo! to provide on-line financial information, and with Satyam Infoway to offer retail financial products over the Internet. ICICI and its subsidiaries have portals that allow its customers to access accounts and products on-line, offering cutting-edge web-based tools. ICICI was the first of the Indian financial services firms to aggressively pursue an e-commerce strategy and has established a reputation as the leader in this area. The firm has invested in the development of its e-commerce group and has dedicated resources to using their technological advantage to great better customer service and increased internal efficiencies. ICICI bank has been able to successfully go for technology that has immense utility in its industry context yet quite affordable also thereby enabling it to attain scale economies (see exhibit 9). Operational excellence ICICI bank has also built its strategies around operational excellence. They have applied innovation very well to develop competencies in reaching the customer. For example, they have developed a successful third party distribution model with a growing market share in distribution of mutual funds, Reserve Bank of India relief bonds and insurance products. This allows them to meet all customer needs through products that are complementary to those that they offer directly, while leveraging their distribution capability to earn fee income from third parties. They also provide online trading facilities through www. ICICIdirect. com. ICICIdirect provides complete end-to-end integration for seamless electronic trading on the stock exchanges and has been rated â€Å"TxA1† by CRISIL, indicating highest ability to service broking transactions. ICICIdirect has also launched India’s first Digitally Signed Contract Notes (DSCN), which allows a customer to view and print their contract notes online. ICICI Bank has pioneered a multi-channel distribution strategy in India, giving its customers 247 access to banking services. The enhanced convenience that this offers the customer has supported its customer acquisition efforts and migration of customer transactions from branches to lower-cost technology-enabled channels. During the year, ICICI Bank continued to expand its non-branch channels aggressively and successfully migrated customer transaction volumes to these channels. Only 35% of customer induced transactions now take place at branches. ICICI Bank set up over 500 new ATMs during fiscal 2002, taking the ATM network to over 1,000 ATMs. Another very innovative and important feature here worth mentioning under operational excellence is the concept of cross-selling that ICICI has implemented to acquire as well as to retain its customer base in retail banking where it has offered different products to the same clients or made one product popular among different kinds of clients. See exhibit 10 for the share of various channels ICICI bank has made use of to reach the end customer. ICICI and International Business Flushed with its success in the retail sector, ICICI decided to foray into the international market in 2001. But it needed a well planned strategy to venture into this new sector. One of the top executives -Lalit Gupte was chosen to head over the international business. But it still had greater issues to resolve like- Which countries to enter into? Who will be the target customers? What products and services would ICICI offer? Which technology to use to automate the process? International remittance key corridors for India International remittance from migrant workers to their home countries have been a significant source of income for many developing countries (Exhibit 11). Unlike FDI and developing aids, remittance tends to be a more stable source of income for these countries. Based on the remittance flow pattern top 10 remittance corridors have been identified (Exhibit 12) and India is one of the major recipients of these remittances. The figures exceeded a little over 22 billion USD in 2004. (Exhibit 13). What drives the huge remittance flow to India? Maybe it is the huge Indian Diaspora spread across the world (Exhibit 14). Before the IT revolution in 1999 much of the India bound remittance used to flow from the Gulf countries – Middle East, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Dubai, Bahrain etc. These migrant workers received little political rights in these countries and their sole motive was to earn as much as possible and return home. They were then replaced with a fresh set of migrant workers. The money remitted home was used for a variety of purpose like meeting day to day needs, vehicle purchase, real estate etc. With the IT business emergence the blue collared workers in US, UK, Europe also began to remit on a regular basis. While the white collared workers used to remit small amounts at a time, were under-banked in their source countries and preferred traditional transfer methods; the blue collared workers remitted large amounts, were highly banked in the source countries and preferred online methods. ICICI made note of these patterns and decided to develop its products accordingly to cater to the varied customer base. Business Model The remittance business was initially dominated by Money transfer Operators (MTOs). The major source of revenue in this business comes from three sources- * Transactions Fees-Depends on the transactions amount and the destination place * Exchange rate-Applicable when the remitter’s currency is not the same as destination currency. * Float revenue- revenue earned from lending or transmitting overnight When banks saw the opportunity in this business they ventured into the sector offering services at a much cheaper rate (Exhibit 15). By providing remittance as a value-added service banks were able to gain market share and customer loyalty. ICICI Bank Approach ICICI saw an opportunity to focus on inwards remittances towards India from anywhere in the world. But to become a serious player in this field it needed to focus on the following issues- * Understanding regulatory compliance –‘Know your Customer’, ‘Fraud Detection’ and ‘Anti-Money Laundering’ rules in different countries; * Establish correspondent network in the source and recipient countries; * Cater to customer requirements- ease of transfer, transparency in fee structure, in –time and safe delivery of remittance. Also ICICI studied that the major players in this sector –viz SBI, HDFC, Citigroup had strong international presence in the form of branch network. Hence it adopted the following strategies to capture the money transfer market. Product Innovation: ICICI formulated different products and service delivery mechanism for different customer segments. In order to cater to the blue collared workers is used traditional approach viz partner bank based products and bank branch based products. For the white collared workers is adopted the innovative model-Online web based products and alliance with partners offering both online offline services (Exhibit 16). Its direct banking facility through Hi-Save accounts offers attractive interest rates Exhibit17 compared to other banks Partnership Strategy: ICICI had a huge customer base and extensive distribution network in India. But it also needed its presence in the source countries. Hence ICICI went on to establish presence in key geographies through partnership with banks in the source countries. The partners enjoyed high business volume through their alliance with ICICI and hence readily contributed to the partnership. Some of the key alliances formed by ICICI are as follows: * UK- partnered with Lloyd TSB Bank. ICICI customers can open current and saving account through 2,200 Lloyd’s branches in UK. * US-alliance with Wells Fargo Bank. Customers get the facility to initiate transactions from their remittance accounts with Wells Fargo using both online and offline (branches and ATMs) method. Gulf- ICICI follows multiple methods here. It has its own branches in the region, also it has tied up with Emirates Bank, Commercial bank of Qatar and some exchange houses. * Singapore – ICICI has alliance with DBS bank Technology Strategy: ICICI has used technology to provide dedicated infrastructure and improved customer service levels. Also technology provided it with alternate transaction and payment channel, provided scalability and reduced cost. The transaction flow h appening in the remittance process is given in Exhibit 18 and 19. ICICI offers international remittance services through two accounts-Vostro account and Nostro account. Nostro account is an account one bank holds with a bank in the foreign country usually in the foreign country currency. Vostro account on the other hand is held by a bank as a correspondent account of an overseas bank. ICICI uses a channel middleware (SMART software) as a customer interface . The commission charges are between 0. 125% and 2. 5%. The details of the commission charges by ICICI are given in Exhibit 20. For every transaction a SWIFT code is generated. New Jersey Vs. T.L.O. EssayThe emphasis lies not only in providing financial support, but also on an active involvement to research into the needs of such underprivileged children, to design a suitable curriculum for them. It also takes interest in providing proper training to the teachers, and 45000 teachers have received training so far through its partnership with the state governments of Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh, and  Gujarat. Sustainability: To address this concern the bank has entered into a partnership with Environmentally Sustainable Project Finance (ESPF) at the Centre for Development Finance at IFMR. The aim is to develop environmentally sustainable goods and services through improved infrastructure. It carries out a mentoring role to CSO Partners that is engaged with various organizations such as Gram Panchayats and other self help groups to bring about social change in terms of organizational governance, resource usage, fund raining, voluntary activities etc. Alignment of the Firm’s Objective with its CSR ICICI is one of the few companies that have attempted to align their CSR activities with their business objectives. Reaching out to the Bottom of the Pyramid: The inclusive growth philosophy, guiding its CSR activities, provides the scope to expand the customer segment of the company by reaching out to the bottom of the pyramid, establishing an immediate and effective symbiotic relationship between the business objectives and CSR objectives. Developing a Talent Pool: The alignment of this business objective with the CSR objective of developing human capital is not as immediate as the one mentioned before. And yet, it does have a bearing give the movement towards the knowledge base economy that India is experiencing. Addressing Stake Holders Concern: This business objective is directly aligned with the CSR objective of achieving sustainable growth I a world that is increasingly becoming aware of the negative repercussions of today’s growth on future generations. This is especially significant keeping in mind the steady inroads made by ICICI into overseas customer base. Tools for Firm Analysis With a range of banking and financial services to its customer, ICICI bank has diversified into various fields within the domain of financial services. Having seen the various sectors of ICICI Bank, the following section presents a holistic view of what is the current status of the bank and how is it formulating strategies to match the environment. In order to analyze the external environment, it is very necessary to scan the internal and the external environment and thus formulate your strategy. VISION STATEMENT To be the preferred bank for total financial and banking solutions for both corporate and individuals. MISSION STATEMENT * Be the banker of first choice for our customers by delivering high quality, world class products and services * Expand the frontier of our bank globally Play a proactive role in full realization of India’s potential * Maintain a healthy financial profile and diversify our earnings across businesses and geographies * Maintain high standards of governance and ethics * Contribute positively to the various countries and markets in which we operate * Create value for our shareholders SWOT ANALYSIS Thi s is the first stage of any analysis and helps to focus on the organization’s key issues. Strength (S), Weakness (W), Opportunity (O) and Threat (T) analysis tool is thus used for auditing the organization’s internal and external environment. Strengths: Brand Name: With the merger of ICICI along with the other ICICI group of companies have led to the creation of a massive brand. This merger has combined the large capital base with the strong deposit raising capability of ICICI Bank. This has infact helped it to raise its market share while lowering the overall cost. This has provided ICICI Bank to leverage upon the strong corporate relationship and to offer a portfolio of financial products and services. This merger has resulted in the integration of many subsidiaries into one entity thus creating huge growth opportunities for its range of products. Technology Integration: Early mover’s advantage to bring in technology into the banking sector. All the while ICIC I has laid stress upon product innovation and technology integration. After having adopted this strategy it was able to set a new industry bench mark which later on went on to become industry standards. The FINO smart cards have been a successful endeavor to reach out to millions of under-served masses. The state of the art infrastructure is one of its biggest strength. * Online Transaction: Its online banking facilities have not just improved its response time but also been able to cater to a huge audience. The need for real time online processing transaction would require very high performance and responsiveness. The use of Veritas i3 software has helped in a catering to this need of the people. This not ensures 99. 9 percent application availability but also 99. 99 percent uptime of the server infrastructure. Data protection is yet another offering of this technology. * Rural Expansion: An underlining emphasis on providing financial services to the bottom of the pyramid has not just created good will for the company but also helped it venture into an untapped domain. In an attempt to facilitate universal access to the basic financial services, the bank has included many initiatives like micro credit and business correspondence model which acted as a medium to reach to the poor, micro insurance and micro systematic investment plan, farmer financing and finally the icici foundation that was an endeavor to improve the social, economic, and human development outcomes at a much broader scale. * Human Resource Capitalization: ICICI views its human resources as a key source in drawing its competitive advantage. It focuses on the smooth integration of its employees with its human resource management system. With a robust ability testing and competency profiling tool, it has been able to attract a huge mass of talented individual with whom the customers find pleasant to interact with. They provide faster service along with bonding and personal relationship. Weaknesses: * Expensive Service Charges: Equipped with state of the art technology, the cost of service provided is automatically high and this in turn is reflected on the price that the customers are asked to pay. Due to this fact it is capable of reaching to only a particular section of the society. The increased service charges per transaction have been acting against the ICICI intention of reaching to the general masses. * Cash Crunch: In terms of scale up both the self help group bank linkage model and the micro finance institution intermediation model have been soaring high in terms of scale up. Lack of incentive alignment have been a set back for the SHG Bank Linkage model. Also in case of MFI intermediation, there has been serious cases of cash crunch and eventually there was ‘no capital’ on the balance sheet of MFI to lend on. Non Performing Assets Going Forward: The large portfolio of products may breed the non performing assets going forward. Since ICICI bank has a range of products, it becomes very difficult for the bank to manage it. They have been increasingly dependent upon each product but it becomes hard to let go off any such non performing asset that have been de faulting for the past 3 months. This plethora of products may thus encourage the non performing asset to be taken forward. Less Credit Period: ICICI has a very big weakness of allowing credit facilities for a very short period. This has been the practice of the bank to avoid defaulters. And after the period is over it charges huge penalty for default. This usually annoys the customers. They also get annoyed when the bank sends them reminder letters to the customers even before the credit period is over. Opportunities: * Huge Rural Set Up: With growing advances towards the bottom of the pyramid and with the increase in the disposable income of this section the bank can have a huge market share. All it need to is to capitalize on its core competency and innovate product offerings specially tailored for this segment of the society. * Diversified Product Portfolio: With the increase in the disposable income of the masses they are demanding for more and more products that are specially designed to suit their needs. ICICI Bank can capitalize on the increasing demand and diversify into many such products which can be helpful in increasing the market share. * Reduced Cost of Services: The bank should also target to reduce its cost of services. This is possible only when the product offering are reduced. Resources available can be bought in bulk and this bulk purchase may again help in reducing the price offerings * Corporate Social Responsibility: The establishment of the ICICI foundation may be helpful in creating good will amongst the customers. It was established to promote inclusive growth amongst the low- income section of the society. This aims at creating a ‘just’ society in which everyone has the equal right to develop and grow. Threats: Credit, Market and Operational Risk: ICICI Bank is exposed to specific risks that are particular to its business and environment within which it runs and that includes credit risk, market risk and operational risk. The risk that a borrower is unable to meet its financial obligations to the ICICI is credit risk. Also it is exposed to the losses resulting from changes in interest rates, currency fluctuation, commodity pricing, etc. This is market risk. While the risk res ulting from failure of hardware like security procedures, computer system, documents etc is the operational risk. Such external threats are to be looked upon very meticulously. * Increasing Competition: Bank has been facing competition from local as well as international banks like Citi Bank, HDFC, Standard Chartered, etc. These banks provide equivalent facilities like ICICI do at a much lower rate. They have consistency in both national and international operations. * Cyber Crime: These days with the increase in the amount of net transactions, there have also been increase in the amount of Cyber crime. Lots of data and information are available over the internet with almost no supervision. This has inturn magnified the seriousness of the crime. Customer information and their profile is easily available and can be exploited by the competitors as well. * Decentralized Management: With extensive liberty given to the branch managers, the strategy may even back fire due to lack of coherence among the operation of the various branches. Any wrong decision taken by a manager may lead to heavy losses. Value Chain As bankers work to build winning strategies they often call the value chain model to be one of the most important breakthroughs in management. The value chain concept was first introduced about 20 years ago, and most recently it is embellished by Michael Porter, a professor at Harvard. The value chain was originally designed for, and is best suited to, manufacturing businesses. But it is a widely used concept, and has some appeal to bankers as well. The purpose of a value chain is to break a business down into its individual steps, ascribe a value to each, and determine how well the company performs each of the steps. There exists a problem with using the manufacturing value chain on banking. This is because it assumes that productive operations are performed on some physical goods and financial services do not feature such goods. The raw materials which are used in financial services money, information, transactions are not as concrete. Moreover, the definition of supplier is a little more amorphous in banking for instance, when a customer has both a checking account and a credit card, he acts as a customer and a supplier simultaneously. Financial services and banking sector need a radically different kind of value chain. The following is what that chain for ICICI bank should look like: Infrastructure: General Management, planning management, Legal, Finance, accounting| Human Resource Management| Recruitment, Retention| Training and RD| Technological development| * Design new services * Program service routines| * reconfigure branch office infrastructure * expand communication network * set standards| Procurement| | | Generic Competitive Strategies A firm’s positioning determines whether a firm’s profitability is above or below industry average. Even though a firm may have myriad strength and weaknesses, there are basically 2 types of competitive advantage that is low cost or differentiation. These 2 basic types of competitive advantage combined with scope of activities lead to 3 generic strategy. Following are the generic strategies followed by ICICI Bank in order to achieve the market share it is enjoying today: 1. Cost Leadership: Though ICICI Bank is not focused on this strategy for the upper segment of the society, but when it comes to the bottom of the pyramid it is known for it low cost products. It provides help to the farmer at almost throw away price. With this strategy it intends to broaden its market reach. ICICI Bank in order to focus on this majority section has have create several product portfolios that would complement the need of these people and also direct its corporate social responsibility towards these people. 2. Differentiation: ICICI Bank is known for its product innovation and application of technology in this regard. Though the differentiation in a bit restricted in the bottom of the pyramid but when it comes to the higher segment of the society, they design product that specially tailored to suit the needs of these individuals. With the increase in the disposable income of these individuals their demands have changed. ICICI has been a bank that has quickly identified this need and have been working to cater to such needs. 3. Focus: Now this focus strategy has 2 variants as shown in the above figure. They are cost focus and differentiation focus. They aim at cost advantage in the narrow segment. For ICICI it has been extensively differentiation focus where it seeks differentiation in its target segment. They try to exploit the differences in the special need in the target segment. With numerous product offering at a relatively higher price they have been able to gain competitive advantage from their broadly targeted competitors. BCG Matrix: Power Transfer (Wire Transfer) Branch – based remittance Net Express (Direct Debit), ACH Transfer, Personal Loans and Credit Cards (After recession) Money2India. com, HiSave Accounts, Wells Fargo Express Send Service, Mortgages Boston Consulting Group matrix focuses on the product life cycle. The above figure shows a graph between market share and market growth. Marketers are supposed to study this curve and arrive as conclusion that which are the products that are star performers and should be held upon and which are the dogs that should let gone. Keeping into mind the product portfolio of ICICI Bank the following matrix has been designed. It is good for the company to liquidate the product that falls under the dog category. Few products falling in the question mark area can be selected for investment and the rest are supposed to be divested. Resource Based View(RBV) Customer Insight Smart Card Credit KissanCredit Cards Money2India. com Innovative Products Multiple channels-Branch, ATM, POS Networking ability HiSave Account Corporate InternetBanking M A advisory Credit/Debit/ATM Cards DirectConnect. com End Product End Unit Resource Competence Technological expertise Partnership with international banks State-of-art network architecture In-house technical team Retail Automobile/ Personal Loans Corporate Partnership with vendors leasing network lines International Micro-Finance AgriCredit Line The resource based view (RBV) is management tool to identify the core competencies and resources available with a firm. The tool is based on the principle of competitive advantage where the core competencies of a firm help it to develop a pool of resources. These resources can be deployed by the firm to develop a variety of end products which are not easily imitable. Consequently the firm is able to enjoy sustained competitive advantage. ICICI Bank has core competencies such as technical expertise, networking ability and ability to gain customer insights. Each of these competencies help ICICI to develop a huge resource pool some of which are- In-house technical team- ICICI had realised as early as 1998 the need to maintain a strong technical team in order to provide services to its customers at low cost. ICICI Infotech (company promoted by Infotech) helped the bank transform its standalone legacy systems to integrated application network. There was a lot of additional cost being incurred due to the duplication of the backend procedures at the branch offices, Manoj Kunkalienkar, Joint President ICICI Infotech Services Limited The technical team enables the bank to maintain its extensive network of branches, ATMs and data centres (Exhibit 1). The network is upgraded and maintained on a regular basis in order to provide 24*7 services to all its customers. State-of-art network architecture- The ICICI network is a spoke and hub architecture. It uses a mix of 600 VSATs , 800 ISDN , radio links and 800 leased lines to connect the ICICI banks, branches and around 1000 ATMs(Exhibit 2). There is a primary site and a secondary site for disaster recovery. Connected to the primary site are 8 hubs that are in turn linked to the regional branches (Exhibit 3). High end Cisco switches and routers are deployed; the network is maintained by HPOpenView and CISCO; no. f security features, firewalls are installed. Most of the hardware have UNIX as the operating system whereas most of the databases are supported by Oracle while some of them are Sybase and MS SQL. There are over 200 databases doing 24 * 7 processing. The security system is monitored by KPMG. This state-of-art architecture has enabled ICICI to transform itself into a virtual ba nk providing modern banking services to its customers. Partnership with international banks In order to have a global presence ICICI has formed alliances with a number of international banks. While the international banks gain from high volumes of transactions ICICI can cater to its customers without having actual physical presence in all geographies. Some of these alliances are Lloyd TSB Bank (UK), Wells Fargo Bank(US), Emirates Bank, Commercial bank of Qatar and DBS bank (Singapore). Partnership with VSAT, ISDN vendors ICICI has a huge network of branches, offices, ATMs and databases all connected by VSATs , ISDN lines and leased lines. ICICI has formed alliance with these vendors in order to provide uninterrupted service to its customers. By incorporating vendors in the its value chain it is able to provide better service levels compared to its competitors. Multiple channels to cater to customers The customers want easy accessibility to their accounts. To cater to the customers’ needs ICICI delivers its services through a variety of channels. It has a network of 1367 branches, more than 1000 ATMs and POS terminals. Since its impossible to have physical presence everywhere it has online facilities that handles the requests of more than 1. 4 million customers everyday. This network enables ICICI have both physical and virtual presence as its asset. Innovative products The primary activity for any service industry is to understand the customers’ needs. ICICI has developed its product lines to cater to the various customer segments. It has designed products for each of its sectors viz –retail, corporate, international, microfinance keeping in mind their specific needs. While the NRIs finds its convenient to transfer remittances on its portal Money2India. com ; the bank also has products like KissanCredit card and Agri Credit Line for the farmers. Thus it able to service both HNI clients and well as the bottom of pyramid clients in the process. The same resources can be reused in whatever sector ICICI operated to develop end products and services. The reusability makes it cost efficient in the service delivery process. Porter’s 5 Force Model: Threat of New Entrants (LOW) With increase in the competition, the customers bargaining power has increased. They have become extremely price sensitive and demand more variety tailored to suit their choice. Increase in the bargaining power of the various service providers like technology, software, equipment, etc. Lesser suppliers and more buyers gives them the edge. Threat of Substitutes (MODERALY LOW) Bargaining Power of buyers (MODERATELY HIGH) Bargaining Power of suppliers (MODERATELY LOW) Existing private banking sectors like Citi Bank, HDFC, HSBC, etc. pose a serious threat to ICICI Bank. They have a range of product offerings at a relatively low price. Rivalry among existing competitor (HIGH) Potential new entrants could be foreign player or new player with a competitive advantage much better than that of ICICI. But high entry barrier and stringent government policies might act against it. With the increase in technology and advances in the financial products this threat has also been increasing. One such th